The importance of the eyes cannot be over emphasized. As I mentioned in the previous article on your eye, the are the light in your body. The eyes that are defect causes concern on the sufferer. This could be partial or total blindness. Also along with this, is the inability to see clearly at night. It is a type of condition that affects your  vision at night. This is night blindness.
Night blindness, also known as nyctalopia, is the inability to see clearly at night or in dim light (such as raining or dark room). It is the inability to see well at night or in poor light. It is not a disease in itself, but rather a symptom of an underlying problem, usually a retina problem. It is common for patients who are myopic to have some difficulties with night vision, but this is not due to retinal disease, but rather to optical issues.
For many people, especially older people, the beauty of nighttime is getting obscured by night blindness. Not only can these people not appreciate the beauty of night, they cannot easily do their regular day-to-day activities like reading, knitting, driving, or even walking at night.
When you go for a regular eye test, your eyesight is checked in good light. In most cases (if not all), the optometrist does not test for night blindness. This is not ideal practice, considering night blindness can lead to many other health complications. The most common complication is injuries sustained because you could not see obstacles clearly while driving or walking. These injuries can be minor, or they could be serious enough to land you in a nursing home. Another problem with night blindness is that people lose their confidence, they stay at home as they are afraid to go out, and this could lead to mood problems, joint problems, even digestive problems.
Possible causes
It occurs as a result of various diseases that cause degeneration of the rods of the retina (the sensory cells responsible for vision in dim light). Now there are different reasons for night blindness. It could be congenital, it could be because of conditions like macular degeneration or cataracts, or it could be a symptom of another illness or trauma.
But in most cases it is because of dietary deficiencies. This type of night blindness can easily be avoided with a few tricks and tips, and a little bit of dietary planning.
Night blindness has many causes, including:
• Myopia
• Glaucoma medications that work by constricting the pupil
• Cataracts
• Retinitis pigmentosa
• Vitamin A deficiency.
1. Cataracts
As we age, our natural eye lens start to become unclear and cloudy. The clouding blocks and distorts light entering our eyes. Common signs of cataracts are blurriness, night blindness and halos.
2. Diabetes
Diabetes is a known cause for reduced night vision. Over time, high blood sugar can damage the blood vessels that supply the retina.
This causes leakage and may damage the retina (retinopathy).
Two early signs of retinopathy from diabetes are poor night vision and taking a long time to see normally after coming indoors from bright light outside.
3. Dry Eyes
Dry eye syndrome reduces the quality and quantity of your tear film. This can affect the condition of the cornea thus affecting the quality of vision, especially night vision.
4. LASIK Complications
Complications of LASIK are fairly common. One common complaint of patient is distorted night vision in form of glare and halos around objects.
5. Retinitis Pigmentosa
One of the most serious causes of night blindness but fortunately it is pretty rare. Retinitis pigmentosa is an uncommon genetic disorder that is frequently diagnosed in early childhood.
It causes the cones and rods in the retina to deteriorate and eventual permanent vision loss. Worsening night vision is often the earliest symptom.
6. Uncorrected Nearsightedness.
Another general cause is uncorrected nearsightedness (myopia). Even with vision correction, nearsighted people may find their nearsightedness worsen when their pupils dilate at night (start improving your nearsightedness with eye exercises).
7. Vitamin A Deficiency:
A common cause of night blindness in developing countries. Vitamin A is a crucial ingredient in keeping your retina healthy. The lack of it causes your retina not being able to function properly and results in reduced night vision.
8.   Zinc Deficiency
Zinc works in the eye as a partner to vitamin A. Without zinc, the vitamin A that’s present may not be as effective, and nyctalopia could result.
To determine what is causing night blindness, an eye doctor will perform a thorough eye exam and may order any of a number of specialized exams.
Treatment
The treatment will depend on its causes.
• Nutrients deficiency (Vitamin A and Zinc) is the easiest to treat.
Treating night blindness with nutrients
Just incorporate more carrots, tomatoes and green leafy vegetables for vitamin A, and beans, nuts and poultry for Zinc.
If you want better protection and don’t want to eat so much food to maintain sufficient nutrients for your eye, consider taking Ocu-Plus vitamins.
Ocu Plus vitamins also contains bilberry extracts which was commonly taken by pilots during WWII to improve night vision.
• If the cause is cataracts, you can go for cataracts surgery to remove the clouded lens and replace it with artificial intraocular lens. Vision is usually dramatically improved after surgery.
• For dry eye syndrome, lubricate your eyes with artificial tear drops can provide instant relief. Just make sure that they are without preservatives.home remediespermanent relief.
• Diabetic retinopathy can be prevented with tight control of blood sugar, active lifestyle and good dietary habits. If you already have diabetic retinopathy, there are laser and vitrectomy surgery available.
• As for retinitis pigmentosa, unfortunately there are no treatments available.
Thankfully, new research is showing that vitamin A might have a slowing effect on the progression of this eye disease.
But make sure that this is done under close supervision of a doctor as overdose of vitamin A can be harmful.
Treatment may be as simple as getting a new eyeglass prescription or switching glaucoma medications, or it may require surgery if the night blindness is caused by cataracts.
• If a retinal disease is discovered, the treatment will depend on the type of the disease and will require additional investigation by a retina specialist.
Improving night vision
If you are just developing night blindness, the tricks below will help you, and the dietary changes will ensure that the condition does not get worse. But if your night blindness is severe, some of the tricks may not work. But don’t worry! Once you incorporate the natural supplements for night vision in your diet, it will dramatically help see you see better at night.
1. Red-tinted glasses help improve night vision
This is a common trick that aviators use when they don’t have time to sit in perfect darkness and adjust before night flying. Wearing red-tinted glasses before you go out into low light will help train your eye to focus better.
If you are looking at a map with a flashlight, cover the flashlight with a red glazed paper. The red light will make the map appear sharper. And if you’re buying a new car, look for a dashboard with red illuminated buttons, rather than blue, green, or white.
2. Avoid looking directly at any light sources
When you look directly at a light source, your pupils are forced to contract. This increases the amount of time it takes for your vision to acclimatize to the low light. If you can’t avoid looking at a light source, cover or close one eye until it passes. Looking directly at light sources is a common concern while driving at night. If you are faced with oncoming high-beams, protecting one eye will prevent you from getting flash blindness in both eyes (like a deer in headlights). Another trick while driving at night is to take your eyes off the oncoming high beams and look at the white line on your side of the road to maintain a safe course.
3. Let your eyes adjust to the darkness naturally
The best way to see in the dark is to let your eyes slowly acclimatize to low light. You can do this by sitting in perfect darkness 20 to 30 minutes before going out into the night. Or you can wear a sleep mask or just cover your eyes. This simple trick helps your eyes easily adjust to the night.
Special Forces use the technique of squeezing their eyes shut tightly for 10 seconds once they are in the dark.
4. Keep your eyes moving
Try not to stare at one object as it will cause your eyes to adapt to whatever light source that is available at the point of your focus. Dance your eyes around, scan the area, and you would be able to see better in dark. Keep blinking, too, to avoid your rods (cells in your eyes responsible for night vision) from desensitizing.
5. A gentle eye massage helps improve night vision
Just close your eyes tightly and apply slight pressure on both your eyes with your palms (use the fleshy part of your palm below your thumb) After about five or 10 seconds, instead of seeing black, your vision will turn white momentarily. When the white goes away and the black comes back, open your eyes, and your vision will be significantly better in the dark.
While the above tricks can help improve night vision, they will work even better if you supplement your diet with vision-boosting nutrients.
Natural supplements for night vision
1. Vitamin A
Vitamin A is critical for vision as it is an essential component of rhodopsin, a protein that absorbs light in the retina. Vitamin A also supports the normal differentiation and functioning of the conjunctival membranes and cornea. One of the primary symptoms of vitamin A deficiency is poor night vision.
There are two forms of dietary vitamin A. Preformed vitamin A and provitamin A. The top food sources of vitamin A in the American diet include dairy products, liver, fish, and fortified cereals. The top sources of provitamin A include carrots, broccoli, cantaloupe, and squash.
2. Fish and shellfish
Fish is a highly nutritious source of omega-3 fatty acids, and as such it is a must for good vision and also for night vision. Eat wild-caught salmon, sardines, and herring, which are cold-water fish that are an excellent source of DHA. DHA is the fatty acid that makes up as much as 50 percent of the photoreceptors in the retina.
Oysters and shellfish are high in zinc, which works in concert with vitamin A to keep the inner eye healthy and to prevent poor night vision. Fish and shellfish also contain retinol, a form of vitamin A, which boosts night vision.
3. Blueberries
The health benefits of blueberries are seemingly endless, and among these are improved eyesight, particularly at night. Multiple studies out of Europe and Israel confirm that eating blueberries regularly may help improve night vision.
Blueberries are a very rich source of antioxidants. The ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) test – one of the most accurate tools available for measuring the antioxidant level of fresh fruits and vegetables – shows that a serving of blueberries introduces more antioxidants into the body than most other fruits and vegetables.
4. Bilberries
These European relatives of blueberries are even more beneficial in fighting against night blindness. Bilberries are rich in anthocyanosides, a form of flavonoid which helps to regenerate the purple pigments in the eye that are used to see in the dark.
Legend has it that British Royal Air Force pilots, after eating bilberry jam for tea, bombed the enemy during the Second World War with devastating accuracy. Their night vision seemed to be heightened by the powers of the inky blue fruit. If you cannot get hold of bilberry jam, buy dried or fresh bilberries and add 1/4 cup to warm or cold cereals and smoothies.
5. Fresh vegetables
The trick here is to consume what I call the rainbow diet with plenty of organic produce. Colorful fruits and vegetables contain lutein and zeaxanthin, carotenoids that destroy free radicals and can compromise night vision. Eat a leafy green salad each day. And yes, have a lot of carrots and tomatoes. If you don’t like eating vegetables, make smoothies and drink in all those nutrients.
6. Eye Excercises
And, finally, do as many eye exercises as possible. There is one simple yoga technique called Drishti Sanchalan that I particularly like. A literal translation of Drishti Sanchalan is marching of the eyes. It involves a left, right, left, right movement of the eye followed by an up, down, up, down movement.
A daily routine of eye exercises can dramatically improve both your night and day vision. Remember, seeing clearly is one of the most important gifts of life. And it’s in your hands to enjoy this gift to its fullest. Day or night.
